Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa microscopes, kandi urugero rwo kwitegereza narwo rwagutse kandi rwagutse.Mu magambo make, barashobora kugabanywamo microscopes optique na microscopes ya electron.Iyambere ikoresha urumuri rugaragara nkisoko yumucyo, naho iyanyuma ikoresha imirasire ya electron nkisoko yumucyo.Microscopique optique irashobora kugabanwa muburyo butandukanye ukurikije imiterere, uburyo bwo kureba no gukoresha.
Muri iyi ngingo, tuzabagabanyamo ubwoko 9 busanzwe ukurikije imikoreshereze yabyo, kugirango ubashe kumva neza microscope hanyuma uhitemo ibicuruzwa byiza.
- Microscope yibinyabuzima
Igice cyiza cya microscope yibinyabuzima kirimo ijisho hamwe ninzira zifatika.Intego yibikoresho nigice cyibanze cya microscope.Intego zikunze kugaragara cyane ni 4x, 10x, 40x, na 100x, zigabanijwe mu nzego eshatu: achromatic, igice cya plan-achromatic, na plan achromatic.Sisitemu nziza irashobora kugabanywamo intego zanyuma n'intego zitagira umupaka.Gahunda yintego ya acromatic nta nenge ifite mubireba kandi ikoreshwa mubushakashatsi bwa siyanse ninzobere mubuvuzi.Umutwe wa Microscope urashobora kugabanywamo umutwe wa monocular, binocular na trinocular.Microscopes ya binocular irashobora kubona ingero n'amaso abiri icyarimwe.Amaso yinyongera ya microscope trinocular arashobora kwomekwa kuri kamera cyangwa ijisho rya digitale kugirango yerekane amashusho, gupima no gusesengura nkuko bikenewe kumurimo cyangwa ubushakashatsi.
Ingero zikunze kugaragara zirimo amashusho yibinyabuzima, selile yibinyabuzima, bagiteri n'umuco wa tissue, ubutayu bwamazi.Microscopes yibinyabuzima irashobora gukoreshwa mugukurikirana, gusuzuma no gukora ubushakashatsi bwintanga, amaraso, inkari, umwanda, indwara yibibyimba nibindi.Microscopes yibinyabuzima irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mukureba ibintu bisobanutse cyangwa bisobanutse, ifu nibice byiza, nibindi.
- Stereo Microscope
Stereo microscopes ikora ikoresheje inzira ebyiri zumucyo kumpande zitandukanye kugirango habeho ibintu bitatu-byerekana icyitegererezo munsi yinteguza, bishobora kugaragara binyuze mumaso ya binocular.Mubisanzwe, gukuza 10x kugeza 40x birahari, kandi uku gukuza kwinshi, gufatanije numwanya munini wo kureba hamwe nintera yakazi, bituma abantu benshi bakoresha ibintu bikurikiranwa.Kubintu bidasobanutse, ikoresha itara ryerekanwe kugirango urebe neza 3D.
Stereo microscopes ikoreshwa cyane mugukora ibintu nkibibaho byumuzunguruko ， electronics, semiconductor hamwe na botanique kwitegereza no kwiga.Stereo microscopes irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mubushakashatsi butandukanye nubushakashatsi nko kwigisha inyamaswa zo mu bwoko bwa anatomy, ibizamini byabana bato hamwe nubumenyi bwubuzima.
Ikwirakwizwa rya Microscope
Polarizing Microscopes ikoresha urumuri kugirango yongere itandukaniro riri hagati yimiterere nubucucike butandukanye.Bakoresha urumuri rwoherejwe kandi / cyangwa rugaragaza urumuri, rwungururwa na polarizer kandi rugenzurwa nuwasesenguye, kugirango bagaragaze itandukaniro ryimiterere, ubucucike, namabara hejuru yicyitegererezo.Kubwibyo, nibyiza byo kureba ibikoresho birefringent.
Mikorosikopi ikabije ikoreshwa muri geologiya, peteroli, chimie nizindi nganda nyinshi zisa.
Microscope ya Metallurgical
Microscopes ya Metallurgical ni microscopes ifite imbaraga nyinshi zagenewe kureba ingero zitemerera urumuri kunyuramo.Umucyo wagaragajwe urabagirana binyuze mumurongo ugamije, utanga ubunini bwa 50x, 100x, 200x, 500x, ndetse rimwe na rimwe 1000x.Microscope ya metallografiya ikoreshwa mugusuzuma microstructure, micron-nini yamenetse, impuzu zoroshye cyane nk'irangi n'ubunini bw'ingano mubyuma.
Microscopes ya metallografiya ikoreshwa mu nganda zo mu kirere, mu gukora amamodoka, hamwe n’amasosiyete asesengura ibyuma, ibihimbano, ibirahure, ibiti, ububumbyi, polymers, hamwe na kirisiti y’amazi.Birashobora kandi gukoreshwa kubicuruzwa bifitanye isano ninganda ziciriritse no kugenzura no gusesengura wafer.
Microscope ya Fluorescent
Fluorescent Microscopes isohora urumuri kuri selile zanditseho amarangi ya fluorescent, bigatuma ibimenyetso bya selile bigaragara neza kuruta microscope isanzwe ukoresheje urumuri rugaragara.Fluorescent Microscopes nayo irumva cyane kandi irashobora gutandukanya itandukaniro ryumucyo nuburebure bwumuraba.Ibi bituma bishoboka kwitegereza ibisobanuro bidashobora kugaragara hamwe na microscopes yumucyo wera.
Bikunze gukoreshwa mubinyabuzima nubuvuzi kwiga proteine selile no kumenya bagiteri mu binyabuzima.
Microscope ya Gemologiya
Microscope ya Gemologiya ni vertical double simple stereo ikomeza zoom microscope.Gukura cyane gukoreshwa ni inshuro 10 kugeza kuri 80.Ifite ibikoresho byo munsi yumucyo hamwe nisoko yo hejuru yumucyo, ifite kandi urumuri rwijimye rumurika rukoreshwa nisoko yumucyo wo hasi, diaphragm ishobora guhindurwa na clips yamabuye.Iyemerera abakoresha gukora ibintu byinshi byo kureba no gukora ubushakashatsi ku mabuye y'agaciro bakoresheje uburyo bwoherejwe cyangwa bugaragara.
Byakoreshejwe kwitegereza no gusuzuma amabuye y'agaciro y'ubwoko butandukanye n'amanota, kimwe no gushiraho amabuye y'agaciro, guteranya, no gusana.
Kugereranya Microscope
Kugereranya microscopes ni microscopes idasanzwe, nanone yitwa microscopes forensic.Ntabwo ifite gusa ingaruka zo gukuza microscope isanzwe, ariko kandi irashobora kureba ishusho yikintu ibumoso n iburyo muri sisitemu ya optique icyarimwe hamwe nuruhererekane rwamaso.Irashobora kugereranya ibintu bibiri cyangwa byinshi macroscopique cyangwa microscopique kugirango isuzume, isesengure kandi imenye itandukaniro ryabo rito muburyo, imiterere, imiterere, ibara cyangwa ibikoresho ukoresheje docking, gukata, gufunga, kuzunguruka, nibindi. Kugirango ugere kumigambi yo kumenya no kugereranya .
Ikoreshwa ryibanze ryubwoko bwa microscopes ebyiri ziri muri criminology na ballistique.Nibintu nyamukuru byubumenyi bwubucamanza, nabwo.Ibindi bice bya siyansi, harimo paleontologiya na archeologiya, nabyo bikoresha microscopes idasanzwe.
Microscope Yijimye
Hano hari urupapuro rwamatara rwagati rwagati rwa microscope yijimye, kugirango urumuri rumurika rutinjira mu buryo butaziguye, kandi urumuri rwonyine rugaragazwa kandi rutandukanijwe nicyitegererezo rwemerewe kwinjira mu ntego zifatika, bityo inyuma yumwanya wo kureba ni umukara, kandi impande yikintu irasa.Ukoresheje iyi microscope, microparticles ntoya nka 4-200 nm irashobora kuboneka, kandi imyanzuro irashobora kuba inshuro 50 kurenza iyo microscopes isanzwe.
Kumurika Darkfield birakwiriye cyane cyane kwerekana imiterere, impande, imbibi hamwe na gradients yerekana.Kugirango turebe ibinyabuzima bito byo mu mazi, diatom, udukoko duto, amagufwa, fibre, umusatsi, bagiteri zitanduye, umusemburo, ingirabuzimafatizo z'umuco na protozoa.
Icyiciro gitandukanya Microscope
Icyiciro gitandukanya microscope ikoresha itandukanyirizo hamwe nimbogamizi yibintu byumucyo kugirango ihindure itandukaniro ryinzira nziza cyangwa itandukaniro ryicyiciro cyumucyo unyura murugero muri microscope itandukanya amplitude ishobora gukemurwa nijisho ryonyine.Itandukaniro riri hagati yumucyo numwijima mumashusho yibintu bifite ubucucike butandukanye biratera imbere, bishobora gukoreshwa mukureba ingirabuzimafatizo zidafite umwanda.Icyiciro gitandukanya microscopes irashobora kugabanywamo ibice bigororotse bigereranya microscopes hamwe na microscopes itandukanye.
Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu guhinga no kwitegereza intanga, selile nzima na bagiteri, ndetse no gutanga imirimo yihariye nko kureba imisemburo ya emboro no gutandukanya ibyiciro.
Twizere ko ibivuzwe haruguru bishobora kugufasha guhitamo ubwoko bwa microscope, niba ufite ikibazo, twandikire.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-06-2022